Aluminosis in facades: What is it and how to detect it?
Aluminosis is a pathology that affects reinforced concrete structures built from the 1970s. This disease is characterized by the degradation of cement and the release of aluminum hydroxide, which causes a series of structural problems. In this post, we will explain what aluminosis is and how to detect it on building facades.
What is Aluminosis?
Aluminosis is a disease of reinforced concrete that occurs when the reaction between cement and aluminum present in the aggregate mix causes the formation of aluminum hydroxide. This reaction is known as alkali-aggregate reaction and can have very serious consequences for the structure of affected buildings.
The symptoms of aluminosis are the detachment of the concrete’s surface layer, the appearance of cracks, and the decrease of the structure’s strength. In severe cases, the demolition of the affected building may be necessary.
How to Detect Aluminosis on Facades?
The detection of aluminosis on building facades is essential to prevent its spread and take necessary measures to avoid major problems. Some of the most commonly used techniques to detect this pathology are the following:
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- Visual Inspection: Visual inspection is the simplest and most economical technique to detect aluminosis on building facades. It consists of a detailed observation of the concrete surface for symptoms such as cracks, detachment, stains, or areas with a more porous appearance.
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- Ultrasonics: Ultrasonics are a highly effective technique to detect aluminosis in concrete. It involves sending sound waves through the material to detect the most deteriorated areas. This technique requires specific equipment and qualified personnel to perform.
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- Chemical Analysis: Chemical analysis involves taking samples of the concrete surface to analyze its chemical composition and detect the presence of aluminum hydroxide. This technique is very precise, but requires sample taking and subsequent analysis in a specialized laboratory.
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- Thermography: Thermography is a technique that allows the detection of colder areas on the concrete surface, indicating a lower density and possible presence of aluminosis. This technique is very useful for detecting the pathology on large surfaces.
Monitoring of structural problem
It is important to monitor the evolution of aluminosis and take necessary measures to stop its progress. Some of the measures that can be adopted are the following:
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- Structural reinforcement: In severe cases of aluminosis, it may be necessary to reinforce the structure of the affected building by placing beams, columns, or reinforcement meshes.
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- Surface treatment: The application of waterproofing or surface protection treatments can help reduce the exposure of concrete to water and air. With this type of measure, the progress of aluminosis can be slowed down.
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- Repair of affected areas: In case of detecting areas with aluminosis, it is important to proceed with their repair immediately. This way, the spread of the pathology to other areas of the building can be avoided.
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Control and monitoring: It is recommended to carry out periodic inspections to control the evolution of aluminosis and take necessary measures based on its degree of progress.
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This post is also available in: Spanish
